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Table of Contents
Essay on Article 370 in English
INTRODUCTION
The article 370 of the Indian constitution deals with the provision of certain special powers to the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
It grants a ‘temporary’ autonomous status to
the state of Jammu & Kashmir.
After passing a statutory resolution on scrapping special status to Jammu and Kashmir by diluting Article 370,
Rajya Sabha has now passed Reorganisation Bill 2019 which will effectively bifurcate state of Jammu and Kashmir into two Union Territories Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.
What is Article 370?
Article 370 that come into effect in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir in the year 1949 was supposed to be a territory provision.
However, it continued for continued for decades even though many political leader and prominent people in the country demanded its revocation from time to time.
The article exempted Jammu and Kashmir from the Indian constitution.
The state attained the right to make its own laws related to any matter except foreign affairs, communication and defence.
The state government thus went on to draught a separate constitution. It also came up with a separate flag.
The fundamental duties mentioned in the Indian Constitution were not applicable in Jammu and Kashmir. It had its own set of rights and duties.
Issues Over Article 370
The act will come into effect on 31 October 2019. Jammu and Kashmir will become largest union territory in India in terms of area while Ladakh, will be 2nd largest UT after it comes to force.
With abrogation of Article 370, tenure of J&K state Assembly will now be 5 years which till now had a special status with a 6-year tenure.
State will have a Chief Minister and a Lt Governor and all financial bills will need to cleared by Lt Governor.
Jammu and Kashmir will now have no separate flag or Constitution.
Indian Penal Code will replace Ranbir Penal Code
to deal with criminal matters and Article 356, under which President’s rule will be applicable in union territories Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh.
With addition of two new UTs, total number of will go up to 9-J&K, Ladakh, Delhi, Puducherry, Diu and Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Chandigarh, Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Conclusion
The condition of the state has not been very good ever since the enforcement of article 370.
Life of people in Jammu and Kashmir region has specially been miserable. The place is prone to terrorist attacks.
Article 370 has been seen as a hindrance in the development of the state.
It is also know to be a cause of growing corruption and terrorism in the state.
After the repeal of the Article 370, doors to private investment in J&K would be opened, which would in turn increase the potential for development there.
Increased investments would lead to increased job creation and further betterment of socio-economic infrastructure in the state.
Opening of buying of lands would bring in investments from private individuals and multinational companies and give a
boost to the local economy.
Essay on Article 370 in 250 Words in Hindi
प्रस्तावना (introduction) – क्या है अनुच्छेद 370? (What is Article 370)
भारतीय संविधान का अनुच्छेद 370 जम्मू और कश्मीर राज्य को कुछ विशेष शक्तियों के प्रावधान से संबंधित है।
यह जम्मू और कश्मीर राज्य को एक ‘अस्थायी’ स्वशासित राज्य का दर्जा देता है।
और अनुच्छेद 370 को हटाकर जम्मू-कश्मीर को विशेष दर्जे से हटाकर वैधानिक प्रस्ताव पारित करने के बाद, राज्यसभा ने अब पुनर्गठन विधेयक 2019 पारित किया है,
जो प्रभावी रूप से जम्मू कश्मीर राज्य को दो केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों – जम्मू और कश्मीर और लद्दाख में विभाजित करेगा।
अनुच्छेद 370 अधिकार और कर्तव्य
इस अधिनियम के प्रावधान 31 अक्टूबर 2019 से लागू होंगे, जो भारत के पहले उप प्रधानमंत्री सरदार वल्लभ भाई पटेल की जयंती है।
जम्मू और कश्मीर भारत के क्षेत्रफल के लिहाज से सबसे बड़ा केंद्रशासित प्रदेश भी बन जाएगा, लद्दाख दूसरा सबसे बड़ा केंद्र शासित प्रदेश होगा।
अनुच्छेद 370 को निरस्त करने के साथ, जम्मू-कश्मीर राज्य
विधानसभा का कार्यकाल अब 5 साल का होगा जो अब तक 6 साल के कार्यकाल के साथ एक विशेष दर्जा रखता था।
राज्य में एक मुख्यमंत्री और एक उपराज्यपाल होंगे और सभी वित्तीय विधेयकों को उपराज्यपाल द्वारा मंजूरी देनी होगी।
अनुच्छेद 370 को निरस्त करने के साथ, जम्मू और कश्मीर के पास अब कोई अलग झंडा या संविधान नहीं होगा।
भारतीय दंड संहिता (IPC) आपराधिक मामलों से निपटने के लिए रणबीर दंड संहिता (RPC) की जगह लेगी,
और अनुच्छेद 356 जिसके तहत किसी भी राज्य में राष्ट्रपति शासन लगाया जा सकता है, यह केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों जम्मू और कश्मीर, और लद्दाख में भी लागू होगा।
दो नए केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों के अलावा, अब कुल केंद्र शासित प्रदेशों की संख्या 9 होगी –
जम्मू और कश्मीर, लद्दाख, दिल्ली, पुडुचेरी, दमन और दीव, दादरा और नगर हवेली, चंडीगढ़, लक्षद्वीप और अंडमान और निकोबार द्वीप समूह।
उपसंहार (CONCLUSION)
अनुच्छेद 370 को निरस्त करने के बाद, जम्मू और कश्मीर
में निजी निवेश के दरवाजे खोले जाएंगे, जिससे वहां विकास
की संभावना बढ़ेगी।
निवेश में वृधि से रोजगार सृजन में वृद्धि होगी और राज्य में सामाजिक-आर्थिक बुनियादी ढांचे में और सुधार होगा।
जमीनों की खरीद के होने से निजी व्यक्तियों और बहुराष्ट्रीय
कंपनियों से निवेश आएगा और स्थानीय अर्थव्यवस्था को
बढ़ावा भी मिलेगा।
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